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HOPES TO MAKE PALESTINE A GARDEN AGAIN. Economic Council Chief Foresees for Holy Land Development of Great Agricultural Nation. Pleased With Progress Country Soon Will Be an Important Factor in Near East Economic Life. From The Tribune’s European Bureau. -
LONDON, Feb. 11. «Rapid progress already has been made in developing the economic resources of Palestine, but we cannot hope for any five-year miracles in the country,” said Sir Alfred Mond, chairman of the Economic Council for Palestine to-day.
«The few months that have passed since Sir Herbert Samuels organized the new civil government have done much to put things on a sound footing», he continued. «There have been 10.000 Jewish immigrants in the past year, coming from all parts of the world, and they are already at work building roads, laying out farms and organizing the groundwork for development schemes. Much depends on the political situation, but with the acceptance of the Palestine mandate by England I believe that the country soon will become a big economic factor in the Near East.
«I find, however, that there are in the public mind many misapprehensions both in regard to the economic conditions in Palestine and as to what the Jewish people hope to do there. I have heard persons talk of the Palestine of the future as if the Jews hoped to make it into another England, a densely populated state, full of factories, industries, of large cities. I do not see how this can ever be. I have just returned from a tour of Palestine and I know that it is not a country that will support cities such as Manchester or Sheffield. Furthermore, the Jews do not want such cities.
«Palestine is an agricultural country. It resembles in topography such Mediterranean lands as Spain or Southern Italy. There is no coal, no iron. Much of it is now waste land that must be reclaimed by irrigation.There are now 600.000 persons in Palestine. Of this number only 100,000 are Jews. The country is in a poor condition politically and economically. No one can realize, without going there, what the centuries of Turkish rule have meant. The Turkish regime prevented the development of any worthwhile industry. There have been no surveys of the land; titles are difficult and insecure. There are no laws for the organizing of corporations. If you wanted to start a factory it was necessary to spend months in Constantinople before you could get incorporation papers. The administration of civil and criminal law was a haphazard thing. Before Palestine can develop the entire legal and legislative systems must be rebuilt.
«Furthermore, Palestine suffered heavily in the war. The Turks stripped the country, cut down the orchards, destroyed the vineyards and burned the factories. Excessive taxation prevented industry of any kind. Now, after the war, Palestine is suffering with the rest of the world in the present economic depression. The cost of living has risen 500 per cent since 1914 Trade routes have been broken, markets cut off. In building the new Palestine we must begin at the bottom.
«This is, perhaps, a gloomy picture. But after visiting Palestine I feel anything but pessimistic. It is a beautiful country; it can and will be a rich country. But that wealth come from agriculture. With irrigation – and there is both irrigation facility and water power in the Jordan – I believe that Palestine can be made another California. Palestine now exports barley, oranges, olives, olive oil and wines. There are two growing seasons in the year, and the soil ehen irrigated is most productive. Near Jaffa I saw 1.000 acres of vineyards. Almonds are grown there and wonderful oranges and grapefruit. The colonist are just beginning to develop the fruit growing possibilities to-day, but throughout Palestine one can see the terraced hillsides that made the whole country a garden 2.000 years ago. It wil not be difficult to make the country a garden again.
«Cotton can be grown in Palestine, and tobacco is already being grown. Furthermore there is a big field for cigarette manufacture in the importation of nearby Macedonian tobacco. This could be made a big factory industry for the seaport towns. There are phosphates for local consumption and asphaltum also. Many believe that there is mineral oil there; certainly the surface indications of oil-bearing strata are very good. A country with such natural assets can become economically self-sufficient and support a large population. There were once 6.000.000 in Palestine; I believe that she soon will be able to support at least 3.000.000.
«To-day she has a good export trade with Great Britain, Egypt and Damascus. She imports largely from Great Britain. There is a market here for goods of all kinds. Meats, tinned food-stuffs, clothing, cotton goods, agricultural machinery and some factory machinery are all wanted. The currency of the country is the Egyptian pound, which is now at a premium over the pound sterling. Even under the Turkish rule Palestine paid her own way. A tax of 12 1/2 per cent on all products of the land met all government expenditures. Of course, with the growth of the country taxation will be distributed in a better and more modern way. But Palestine is, and will continue to be, a successful business proposition.
«To-day Jews all over the world are planning to emigate to Palestine. Hundreds of thousands want to go. The Zionist Organization is hot having any difficulty in finding colonists; its difficulty is to check and control the flood of applicants so that the development will be sound and normal. I believe that it is fair to say that almost all the Jews in parts of Russia and middle Europe would like to go to Palestine.
«Palestine has a big future, but it will work out slowly. There are many local problems to be settled. There are 500.000 Arabs in the country; there are only 100,000 Jews. The Arabs own the land and will continue to own it. Some people have seemed to think that the Jews were going to receive Palestine as a gift. This is not so. Many of the lea Arabs, who held high office under the Turkish régime, are jealous of the jews, but they will benefit with the rest if Palestine is developed under a Jewish rule and by modern Jewish methods. Their antagonism is merely a surface thing and soon will pass. There is no other political difficulty. Bolshevism does not exist. The Jews have come to Palestine to escape Bolshevism, of wich they konw too much. They do not want to see it in the country after having felt its results in Russia».
Torna al Sommario.
Altri periodici del 1921. - Navigazione: Indice delle Fonti e Repertori: Cronologia - Analitico. - Forum: «Tribuna di “Civium Libertas”». - Societas: «Civium Libertas».
PALESTINE STRIVES TO MAKE A STATE OUT OF AN UNCLAIMED WASTE. Acid Test of Hopes of Jews Confront Them in New Zion. Gift, Hardly Wrung, Is Even More Difficolt to Hold; Consistis of Strips Along the Desert, Exposed to Maraudings of Tribes. Young Men Take the Place of Old Religous Pilgrims. Hardest Manual Labor and Most Meager Conditions of Life Await Colonizers; Nearly All Pioneers Fitted for Aricultural Life. –
Some of the great romantic national causes are passing out – Ireland is in the way of becoming a free state und the Jews now have their Palestine. No one is sorry to see these old wrongs go – and the Versailles Treaty has assured us a new crop anyway – but a world without these two great instigations will conspicuously lack the rhetorical brillliance of the old.
What the Irish will do with their free state remains to be seen. What the Jews have done toward founding their new Zion is being told by Nahum Sokolow, chairman of the executive committee of the World Zionist Association, which administers Jewish Palestine under the British protectorate, who is here as spokesman for the modern Jewish state. Dr. Sokolow is editor of the leading Hebrew daily in the world, “Hacesirah”, published in Varsaw. He aided in drawing up the Balfour declaration by which, after twenty-five hundred years of expatriation, a third interest in Palestine was ceded back to the Jews.
Palestine now is a tripartite state, governed equally by the British, Arabs and Jews. English, Arabian and Hebrew are the official languages spoken and written in public proclamations, and the official calendar, carefully managed not to collide with any of the religions observances of Christian, Moslem or Jew, proceeds at the spasmodic pace of a subway local.
Jerusalem consists of the ancient walled city and an outlying surburb of brick and stucco villas. The old city, builded deep on the ruins of its former magnificence, running through narrow, crooked, swarming streets, is quatered off in a traditional division of the city made by tho Turks a hundred or more years ago in recognition of the claim of Jews, Gentiles and Moslem to look upon Jerusalem as their spiritual capital. Outside the walled city there is no official quartering.
To understand the conditions which the Jew faces in his new Zion it is necessary to know that when the British declaration gave Palestine back to Jews it had no land to give them. It was chiefly a gift of its good will, an inexpensive offer of official recognition to the Jewish element in the population and of the right of Jews to immigrate there up to the capacity of the land to support them. Whatever land the Jews may desire they must acquire by purchase from the present Arab landholders when that is available.
This gift, so hardly wrung, appears be even more difficult to hold. Naturally only the less desirable portions of the land are available by this method – strips along the desert, exposed to the marauding of desert tribes; low lying tracts from which the peasant has been driven off by malaria, occasional estates sacrificed by bankrupt offendis, who have then turned their resentment to political uses - it is no land of pleasance that the Jew finds in this new Zion. It affords the acid test for the Jewish aspirant to nationality, the proof of his willingness to work at the task of making bricks without straw, the almost hopeless task of making a state out of reclaimed waste.
Torna al Sommario.
Altri periodici del 1921. - Navigazione: Indice delle Fonti e Repertori: Cronologia - Analitico. - Forum: «Tribuna di “Civium Libertas”». - Societas: «Civium Libertas».
1921
1920 ↔ 1922
1920 ↔ 1922
 |
| Anno di spoglio: 1921. |
Sommario: 1) 13.3.1921: Un’intervista americana di Alfred Mond: la Palestina è un buon affare! – 2) 11.12.1921: La leggenda del deserto abbandonato. –
Hopes to Make Palestine a Garden Again
New York Tribune, p. 3
Domenica, 13 marzo 1921
HOPES TO MAKE PALESTINE A GARDEN AGAIN. Economic Council Chief Foresees for Holy Land Development of Great Agricultural Nation. Pleased With Progress Country Soon Will Be an Important Factor in Near East Economic Life. From The Tribune’s European Bureau. -LONDON, Feb. 11. «Rapid progress already has been made in developing the economic resources of Palestine, but we cannot hope for any five-year miracles in the country,” said Sir Alfred Mond, chairman of the Economic Council for Palestine to-day.
«The few months that have passed since Sir Herbert Samuels organized the new civil government have done much to put things on a sound footing», he continued. «There have been 10.000 Jewish immigrants in the past year, coming from all parts of the world, and they are already at work building roads, laying out farms and organizing the groundwork for development schemes. Much depends on the political situation, but with the acceptance of the Palestine mandate by England I believe that the country soon will become a big economic factor in the Near East.
«I find, however, that there are in the public mind many misapprehensions both in regard to the economic conditions in Palestine and as to what the Jewish people hope to do there. I have heard persons talk of the Palestine of the future as if the Jews hoped to make it into another England, a densely populated state, full of factories, industries, of large cities. I do not see how this can ever be. I have just returned from a tour of Palestine and I know that it is not a country that will support cities such as Manchester or Sheffield. Furthermore, the Jews do not want such cities.
An Agricultural Country
«Palestine is an agricultural country. It resembles in topography such Mediterranean lands as Spain or Southern Italy. There is no coal, no iron. Much of it is now waste land that must be reclaimed by irrigation.There are now 600.000 persons in Palestine. Of this number only 100,000 are Jews. The country is in a poor condition politically and economically. No one can realize, without going there, what the centuries of Turkish rule have meant. The Turkish regime prevented the development of any worthwhile industry. There have been no surveys of the land; titles are difficult and insecure. There are no laws for the organizing of corporations. If you wanted to start a factory it was necessary to spend months in Constantinople before you could get incorporation papers. The administration of civil and criminal law was a haphazard thing. Before Palestine can develop the entire legal and legislative systems must be rebuilt.
«Furthermore, Palestine suffered heavily in the war. The Turks stripped the country, cut down the orchards, destroyed the vineyards and burned the factories. Excessive taxation prevented industry of any kind. Now, after the war, Palestine is suffering with the rest of the world in the present economic depression. The cost of living has risen 500 per cent since 1914 Trade routes have been broken, markets cut off. In building the new Palestine we must begin at the bottom.
«This is, perhaps, a gloomy picture. But after visiting Palestine I feel anything but pessimistic. It is a beautiful country; it can and will be a rich country. But that wealth come from agriculture. With irrigation – and there is both irrigation facility and water power in the Jordan – I believe that Palestine can be made another California. Palestine now exports barley, oranges, olives, olive oil and wines. There are two growing seasons in the year, and the soil ehen irrigated is most productive. Near Jaffa I saw 1.000 acres of vineyards. Almonds are grown there and wonderful oranges and grapefruit. The colonist are just beginning to develop the fruit growing possibilities to-day, but throughout Palestine one can see the terraced hillsides that made the whole country a garden 2.000 years ago. It wil not be difficult to make the country a garden again.
Cotton Can Be Grown There
«Cotton can be grown in Palestine, and tobacco is already being grown. Furthermore there is a big field for cigarette manufacture in the importation of nearby Macedonian tobacco. This could be made a big factory industry for the seaport towns. There are phosphates for local consumption and asphaltum also. Many believe that there is mineral oil there; certainly the surface indications of oil-bearing strata are very good. A country with such natural assets can become economically self-sufficient and support a large population. There were once 6.000.000 in Palestine; I believe that she soon will be able to support at least 3.000.000.
«To-day she has a good export trade with Great Britain, Egypt and Damascus. She imports largely from Great Britain. There is a market here for goods of all kinds. Meats, tinned food-stuffs, clothing, cotton goods, agricultural machinery and some factory machinery are all wanted. The currency of the country is the Egyptian pound, which is now at a premium over the pound sterling. Even under the Turkish rule Palestine paid her own way. A tax of 12 1/2 per cent on all products of the land met all government expenditures. Of course, with the growth of the country taxation will be distributed in a better and more modern way. But Palestine is, and will continue to be, a successful business proposition.
Big Flood of Immigrants
«To-day Jews all over the world are planning to emigate to Palestine. Hundreds of thousands want to go. The Zionist Organization is hot having any difficulty in finding colonists; its difficulty is to check and control the flood of applicants so that the development will be sound and normal. I believe that it is fair to say that almost all the Jews in parts of Russia and middle Europe would like to go to Palestine.
«Palestine has a big future, but it will work out slowly. There are many local problems to be settled. There are 500.000 Arabs in the country; there are only 100,000 Jews. The Arabs own the land and will continue to own it. Some people have seemed to think that the Jews were going to receive Palestine as a gift. This is not so. Many of the lea Arabs, who held high office under the Turkish régime, are jealous of the jews, but they will benefit with the rest if Palestine is developed under a Jewish rule and by modern Jewish methods. Their antagonism is merely a surface thing and soon will pass. There is no other political difficulty. Bolshevism does not exist. The Jews have come to Palestine to escape Bolshevism, of wich they konw too much. They do not want to see it in the country after having felt its results in Russia».
Torna al Sommario.
Altri periodici del 1921. - Navigazione: Indice delle Fonti e Repertori: Cronologia - Analitico. - Forum: «Tribuna di “Civium Libertas”». - Societas: «Civium Libertas».
Palestine Strives to Make a State Out on an Unclaimed Waste
New York Tribune, p. 2
Domenica, 11 dicembre 1921
PALESTINE STRIVES TO MAKE A STATE OUT OF AN UNCLAIMED WASTE. Acid Test of Hopes of Jews Confront Them in New Zion. Gift, Hardly Wrung, Is Even More Difficolt to Hold; Consistis of Strips Along the Desert, Exposed to Maraudings of Tribes. Young Men Take the Place of Old Religous Pilgrims. Hardest Manual Labor and Most Meager Conditions of Life Await Colonizers; Nearly All Pioneers Fitted for Aricultural Life. –Some of the great romantic national causes are passing out – Ireland is in the way of becoming a free state und the Jews now have their Palestine. No one is sorry to see these old wrongs go – and the Versailles Treaty has assured us a new crop anyway – but a world without these two great instigations will conspicuously lack the rhetorical brillliance of the old.
What the Irish will do with their free state remains to be seen. What the Jews have done toward founding their new Zion is being told by Nahum Sokolow, chairman of the executive committee of the World Zionist Association, which administers Jewish Palestine under the British protectorate, who is here as spokesman for the modern Jewish state. Dr. Sokolow is editor of the leading Hebrew daily in the world, “Hacesirah”, published in Varsaw. He aided in drawing up the Balfour declaration by which, after twenty-five hundred years of expatriation, a third interest in Palestine was ceded back to the Jews.
Palestine Now Is A Tri-Partite State
Palestine now is a tripartite state, governed equally by the British, Arabs and Jews. English, Arabian and Hebrew are the official languages spoken and written in public proclamations, and the official calendar, carefully managed not to collide with any of the religions observances of Christian, Moslem or Jew, proceeds at the spasmodic pace of a subway local.
Jerusalem consists of the ancient walled city and an outlying surburb of brick and stucco villas. The old city, builded deep on the ruins of its former magnificence, running through narrow, crooked, swarming streets, is quatered off in a traditional division of the city made by tho Turks a hundred or more years ago in recognition of the claim of Jews, Gentiles and Moslem to look upon Jerusalem as their spiritual capital. Outside the walled city there is no official quartering.
To understand the conditions which the Jew faces in his new Zion it is necessary to know that when the British declaration gave Palestine back to Jews it had no land to give them. It was chiefly a gift of its good will, an inexpensive offer of official recognition to the Jewish element in the population and of the right of Jews to immigrate there up to the capacity of the land to support them. Whatever land the Jews may desire they must acquire by purchase from the present Arab landholders when that is available.
This gift, so hardly wrung, appears be even more difficult to hold. Naturally only the less desirable portions of the land are available by this method – strips along the desert, exposed to the marauding of desert tribes; low lying tracts from which the peasant has been driven off by malaria, occasional estates sacrificed by bankrupt offendis, who have then turned their resentment to political uses - it is no land of pleasance that the Jew finds in this new Zion. It affords the acid test for the Jewish aspirant to nationality, the proof of his willingness to work at the task of making bricks without straw, the almost hopeless task of making a state out of reclaimed waste.
Torna al Sommario.
Altri periodici del 1921. - Navigazione: Indice delle Fonti e Repertori: Cronologia - Analitico. - Forum: «Tribuna di “Civium Libertas”». - Societas: «Civium Libertas».
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